Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that’s triggered by a terrifying, shocking or dangerous event — either by experiencing it or witnessing it.
PTSD has been known by many names in the past, such as “shell shock” during the years of World War I and “combat fatigue” after World War II.
PTSD does not just happen to combat veterans it can also occur in all people, in people of any ethnicity. Nationality or culture, and any age to people who experience life threatening events such as; sexual assault, warfare, traffic collisions, child abuse, or other threats on a person’s life.
Symptoms
- Having disturbing thoughts, feelings or dreams related to the events
- Mental or physical distress to trauma-related cues
- Alterations in how a person thinks and feels
- An increase in the fight-or-flight response
These symptoms last for more than a month after the event. A person with PTSD is at higher risk for suicide and intentional self-harm.
Diagnosis
A diagnosis of PTSD requires exposure to an upsetting traumatic event. However, exposure could be indirect rather than first hand. PTSD could occur in an individual learning about the violent death of a close family.
It can also occur as a result of repeated exposure to horrible details of trauma such as police officers exposed to details of child abuse cases.
Treatment
PTSD can be successfully treated, even when it develops many years after a traumatic event. Any treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and how soon they occur after the traumatic event.
Any of the following treatment options may be recommended:
- Antidepressants – such as paroxetine or mirtazapine
- Watchful Waiting – monitoring the symptoms to see whether they improve or get worse without treatment
- Psychological Therapies – such as trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EDMR)
Many people experience symptoms after a traumatic event, such as crying, anxiety, and difficulty concentrating, but this is not necessarily PTSD.
Prompt treatment with a qualified professional can help prevent the symptoms from getting worse.
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